A Spiral Galaxy Dripping from the Dipper
Messier Catalogue: M 109
Constellation: Ursa Maioris


When I started with my first exposures after quite a while of mediocre weather in March 2023, I thought it would hardly be worth to continue. The atmospheric turbulences together with the wind blurred my pictures one after the other. After having re-focused the optics I thought it was time to relax in my car. But after checking the guiding of my mount another half an hour later, I could hardly believe that the conditions improved so well and remained excellent throughout the rest of the night...

The barred spiral galaxy M 109 was on my list for this night, a considerbly small object very close to the bright star gamma Ursae Maioris, the lower left star of the big dipper. This star produces the glare to the upper right corner of the frame and the diffraction spike generated by the secondary mirror spider. Some folks encouraged me to manage these artefacts, so I decided to flatten the background a bit. Post-processing is always a balance between what is "real" in terms of raw data that my camera collects and what is "real" in terms of what the astronomical objects look like...

Although the designation might suggest the galaxy was discovered by Charles Messier, he was just adding the discovery by Pierre Méchain in 1781 to the extended version of his catalogue. With a distance of some 50 milliion light years from earth the galaxy is comparably far like the galaxy cluster in Virgo. In 1956 the only supernova ever observed in M 109 was identified as type Ia, which is somewhat of a reference beacon to measure the distances of galaxies where other methods fail.


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